Which two components of a full lipid panel can be measured directly in mg/dL?

In a full lipid panel, the components measured provide insight into an individual's lipid levels and cardiovascular health. HDL cholesterol, often referred to as 'good' cholesterol, and triglycerides can both be measured directly in the laboratory.

HDL cholesterol is typically measured directly, as it is important for assessing the risk of heart disease; higher levels of HDL are associated with a lower risk. Triglycerides are also directly measured, as they represent the body's way of storing excess energy, and elevated levels can indicate various health issues, including cardiovascular disease.

In contrast, total cholesterol is a calculation derived from the sum of HDL, LDL (low-density lipoprotein), and VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein; a portion of triglycerides), which means it cannot be measured directly. LDL cholesterol is usually calculated with the Friedewald equation unless triglyceride levels are very high, in which case the direct measurement may be necessary but is not as commonly performed. Thus, the combination of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides is the correct answer, as both parameters are directly measured in mg/dL on a lipid panel.